In male mice, the isolated R-enantiomer of phenylpiracetam (R-phenylpiracetam, dosed at 50 mg/kg) reached brain tissue within 15 minutes of intraperitoneal or oral dosing and bound the dopamine transporter as its only significant target in a radioligand-binding panel. A single injection reduced LPS-induced body-temperature drops and inflammatory gene overexpression, and seven days of oral pretreatment reduced paw swelling and pain-related behavior in two other mouse models. These are mouse and target-binding findings for one isolated enantiomer; they do not establish cognitive benefit in humans or equivalent effects of the racemic product sold as a nootropic.[1]
- Preclinical models and a specific enantiomer; not human evidence for the marketed racemic mixture.
- A separate body of Russian-language human clinical/observational literature on the racemic marketed product ('phenotropil'/'Carphedon') in stroke rehabilitation, post-traumatic epilepsy and related conditions was identified in this search but not inspected; it studies a different (racemic) molecule and different populations and does not support this preclinical, single-enantiomer claim.
- Abstract-checked; no qualified clinical review.
Inspection history
Clinical review: not reviewed by a qualified clinician.
· Prior batch record retained as unverified historical input pending fresh review.
· nootropic batch: reopened source(s) via NCBI E-utilities / PMC Open Access; verified and refined with precise numbers/limitations from the source.