Clinical & experimental findings

Human randomized studySupporting passage inspected

A four-week, single-blinded, randomized trial in 20 adults with obesity (all with HOMA-IR of 3.0 or more) found that TUDCA (1,750 mg/day) increased hepatic and muscle insulin sensitivity by about 30% versus placebo (P<.05), with no change in adipose-tissue insulin sensitivity or adipose endoplasmic-reticulum-stress markers in either group. It did not test prevention or treatment of anabolic-steroid liver injury.^[1]

Small, single-blinded (not double-blind), four-week study with surrogate metabolic (clamp) outcomes; no steroid-hepatoprotection endpoint.
Full-text-checked; no qualified clinical review.

Inspection history

Clinical review: not reviewed by a qualified clinician.

2026-09-08 · Independent source inspection; applicability narrowed and inherited assertions excluded where unsupported. No qualified clinical review.

2026-09-09 · Reopened and read the full open-access PMC text (upgraded from abstract-checked to full-text); identified the single-blinded (not double-blind) design as a newly documented rigor limitation. Independent editorial review pending; no qualified clinical review.

What remains unresolved

Editorial assessment

These notes describe the scope of this review. Linked PMIDs are audit identifiers; an identifier alone does not verify a claim.

Narrowly supported passages published with study/product limits; remaining inherited assertions withheld from established-fact displays.

Not a comprehensive systematic review. Original monograph topics beyond the individual published claims—including monitoring schedules, contraindication lists, recovery assurances and detailed mechanisms—remain unverified.
No qualified clinician has reviewed these claims. Long-term outcomes and all marketed formulations have not been fully assessed.

This reference does not supply a dosing plan, monitoring timetable or recovery regimen. Discuss personal symptoms, medicines and laboratory results with a qualified clinician.

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References

Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid may improve liver and muscle but not adipose tissue insulin sensitivity in obese men and women.
Kars M, Yang L, Gregor MF, Mohammed BS, Pietka TA, Finck BN, Patterson BW, Horton JD, Mittendorfer B, Hotamisligil GS, Klein S. Diabetes. 2010 Aug;59(8):1899-1905. doi: 10.2337/db09-1861. 2010-08. PMID:20522594 · PMCID:PMC2911053 · DOI:10.2337/db09-1861 Full text inspected.
Inspected location: PMC full text (open access): Research Design and Methods (single-blinded randomized design, HOMA-IR>=3.0 inclusion, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp); Results (hepatic/muscle insulin sensitivity, ER-stress markers)
Study context and inspection record

Source inspection and clinical review are separate. An abstract check is not a full-text review. The records above identify what was actually inspected and do not certify the complete literature.

Recorded verification attempts

Fresh PubMed EUtils retrieval for inherited lead PMID 20522594; identity, abstract and linked corrections checked where an abstract existed.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20522594/ — abstract; PubMed abstract: Methods: obese adults and four-week clamp study; Results: tissue insulin sensitivity

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Related records in this class

Grouped under Ancillary compounds for navigation only. Shared class membership does not make findings, formulations or evidence interchangeable between records.