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Compound reference

GHK-Cu

Copper Peptide

Peptides2 cited findingsClinical review: not reviewed

Safety findings

Regulatory recordSupporting passage inspected

FDA identifies limited human safety information for injectable GHK-Cu and potential immunogenicity concerns related to aggregation and impurities.[2]

  • A potential product-quality or immune risk is not a demonstrated frequency of clinical harm.
Inspection history

Clinical review: not reviewed by a qualified clinician.

· Independently inspected the listed passages; replaced or qualified inherited assertions. No qualified clinical review has occurred.

· Reopened the live FDA page (curl User-Agent workaround); confirmed the GHK-Cu row is in the withdrawn-nomination table with wording unchanged from the recorded claim. No qualified clinical review.

Clinical & experimental findings

Animal / laboratoryAbstract inspected

GHK-Cu stimulated collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures in the inspected primary study. This is laboratory evidence, not proof of cosmetic benefit or healing from systemic injections.[1]

  • Topical clinical claims require their own formulation-specific human sources.
Inspection history

Clinical review: not reviewed by a qualified clinician.

· Independently inspected the listed passages; replaced or qualified inherited assertions. No qualified clinical review has occurred.

· Freshly reread the abstract via NCBI E-utilities; confirmed dose range (10^-12 to 10^-9 M) and wording unchanged. No qualified clinical review.

What remains unresolved

Editorial assessment

These notes describe the scope of this review. Linked PMIDs are audit identifiers; an identifier alone does not verify a claim.

Retained the inspected fibroblast finding as preclinical and separately recorded FDA’s injectable safety-information gap.

  • Topical human cosmetic effect estimates and systemic injectable outcomes need their own direct evidence.
  • Other inherited assertions not supported by the published claim set remain unverified; no qualified clinician review has occurred.

This reference does not supply a dosing plan, monitoring timetable or recovery regimen. Discuss personal symptoms, medicines and laboratory results with a qualified clinician.

Explore the interaction evidence for this compound →

References

  1. Stimulation of collagen synthesis in fibroblast cultures by the tripeptide-copper complex glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine-Cu2+.

    1988-10-10. PMID:3169264 · DOI:10.1016/0014-5793(88)80509-x Abstract only.

    Inspected location: Abstract: methods and results

    Study context and inspection record
  2. FDA: Certain bulk drug substances for compounding that may present significant safety risks

    US Food and Drug Administration. FDA web page. The footer states "Content current as of: 04/22/2026" (22 April 2026), independently verified on 2026-09-09 by two separate fetch methods. The ibutamoren mesylate row's own dated actions remain the applicable dates for that row's content. 2026-04-22. Regulatory document.

    Inspected location: Ibutamoren mesylate row of the 503A/503B category-2 bulk-substances table: congestive-heart-failure safety-risk description and the row's own dated entries (503A added September 29, 2023; 503B added December 29, 2022). Also inspected for this batch: the category-2 table row for kisspeptin-10, and the withdrawn-nomination rows for BPC-157, cathelicidin LL-37, emideltide (DSIP), epitalon, GHK-Cu, melanotan II, MOTs-C, selank acetate (TP-7), semax (heptapeptide) and thymosin alpha-1; and the earlier named GHRP-6, PEG-MGF, GHK-Cu and GHRP-2 rows

    Study context and inspection record

Source inspection and clinical review are separate. An abstract check is not a full-text review. The records above identify what was actually inspected and do not certify the complete literature.

Recorded verification attempts
  • peptide-pmid-3169264: Abstract: methods and results
  • peptide-fda-bulk-safety: Named rows: GHRP-6, PEG-MGF, GHK-Cu, GHRP-2 and ibutamoren; current and withdrawn-nomination tables

View this compound in the research library →

Related records in this class

Grouped under Peptides for navigation only. Shared class membership does not make findings, formulations or evidence interchangeable between records.

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